Climate change is important for a number of reasons:

• It is a major threat to the planet’s ecosystems and biodiversity. Rising temperatures, changes in precipitation patterns, and rising sea levels can all have a significant impact on the distribution and abundance of plant and animal species, leading to biodiversity loss and ecosystem collapse.
• Climate change has the potential to cause widespread damage to human society. Rising temperatures can cause heatwaves, droughts, and wildfires, which can lead to crop failures, water shortages, and damage to infrastructure. Rising sea levels can cause coastal flooding and erosion, which can damage homes and businesses, contaminate drinking water sources, and displace people living in low-lying areas.
• Climate change can exacerbate existing problems like poverty, inequality, and political instability. People living in low-income countries are particularly vulnerable to the impacts of climate change, as they have fewer resources to adapt to changing conditions.
• Climate change can also have long-term economic consequences, as it can affect industries such as agriculture, tourism, and fishing, and can lead to losses from natural disasters and damage to infrastructure.
• Climate change is a global issue that requires global cooperation and action to mitigate and adapt. It is important to take action now to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and to develop strategies to adapt to the changes that are already happening.
• Climate change is a moral and ethical issue as it disproportionately affects the most vulnerable communities, particularly in developing countries and also future generations will inherit the consequences of our actions today.

Why Climate change is happening?

Climate change is happening primarily because of human activities that release large amounts of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. The most significant of these activities is the burning of fossil fuels (such as coal, oil, and natural gas) for energy, transportation, and industrial processes. These activities release large amounts of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, where they trap heat from the sun and cause the planet’s temperature to rise.

Other human activities that contribute to climate change include:

• Deforestation: Trees absorb carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and store it in their wood, leaves, and soil. When forests are destroyed, this carbon is released back into the atmosphere, contributing to climate change.
• Agriculture and livestock farming: These activities release methane, a potent greenhouse gas, into the atmosphere.
• Industrial processes such as cement production and fertilizer use also contribute to greenhouse gas emissions.
• Land use change: Changing land use, such as urbanization and conversion of natural habitats to agriculture or other human uses, can also contribute to climate change.

The combination of these human activities has led to an increase of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, which traps heat and causes the Earth’s temperature to rise. This warming is causing the climate to change, leading to a wide range of impacts on the planet and human society.

Why Climate change occurs?

Climate change occurs primarily because of the release of greenhouse gases, primarily carbon dioxide, into the atmosphere. Greenhouse gases trap heat from the sun and cause the planet’s temperature to rise, leading to a wide range of impacts on the planet and human society.

The primary cause of the release of these greenhouse gases is human activity, specifically the burning of fossil fuels (such as coal, oil, and natural gas) for energy, transportation, and industrial processes. These activities release large amounts of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases into the atmosphere.

Other human activities that contribute to the release of greenhouse gases and thus climate change include:

• Deforestation and land-use change: Trees absorb carbon dioxide and store it in their wood, leaves, and soil. When forests are destroyed, this carbon is released back into the atmosphere, contributing to climate change.
• Agriculture and livestock farming: These activities release methane, a potent greenhouse gas, into the atmosphere.
• Industrial processes such as cement production and fertilizer use also contribute to greenhouse gas emissions.
• Land use change: Changing land use, such as urbanization and conversion of natural habitats to agriculture or other human uses, can also contribute to climate change.

The Earth’s climate is a complex system and there are also natural factors that can influence climate change, such as volcanic eruptions, solar variability, and ocean currents. However, the overwhelming majority of scientific evidence indicates that human activities are the main cause of the current warming trend and the associated climate change.